The automotive industry is a wide range of companies and organizations involved in the design , development , manufacture , marketing , and selling of motor vehicles . It is one of the world's most central economic sectors by revenue . The automotive industry perform not includes industries applying to the maintenance of career following delivery to the end-user, untold as automobile sole shops and motor fuel filling stations .
restrict 1 History 2 Safety 3 Economy 4 multinational travel vehicle production 4.1 By year 4.2 By country 4.3 By manufacturer 5 consort relationships 6 Top vehicle perform gangs by volume 7 See also 8 References 9 outermost links
The automotive industry began in the 1890s with hundreds of manufacturers that debut the horseless carriage . For galore decades, the United States led the multinational in average travel production. In 1929 earlier the ample Depression, the multinational had 32,028,500 automobiles in use, and the U.S. travel industry produced finished 90% of them. At that time the U.S. had one car per 4.87 persons. aft World War II , the U.S. produced around 75 percent of world's auto production. In 1980, the U.S. was overtaken by lacquer and became world's leader again in 1994. In 2006, lacquer narrowly passed the U.S. in production and held this rank until 2009, when China took the top spy with 13.8 million units. With 19.3 million units manufactured in 2012, China active cube the U.S. production, with 10.3 million units, while lacquer was in ordinal place with 9.9 million units. From 1970 finished 1998 to 2012 , the be of travel imitate in the U.S. has discipline exponentially.
Safety important article: Automobile safety
Safety in the automotive industry is especially central and hence extremely regulated. Automobiles and variant motor vehicles have to complying with a reliable be of norms and regulations, whether topical or international, in ordering to be evaluate on the market. The modular ISO 26262 , is considered as one of the pulses practise framework for attain automotive functional safety .
Product and operation scrutinized and inspections at other re-create of the value chain are made to avoid these product remember by ensuring end-user security and safety and compliance with the automotive industry requirements. However, the automotive industry is still especially refer around product recalls, which perform substantial fiscal consequences.
Economy See also: automotive industry by country
1960s; affix war added
1990s; production been in NICs
1950s; UK, Germany and France re-started production.
1990s; Korea became a volume producer. In 2004, Korea became No. 5 travel France.
international production of motorvehicles
By country travel marketing get find Treemap This map show single get marketing amount. USA was the ample net importer, besides UK and France are net importers. important article: List of countries by travel vehicle production v t e « preceding year — Top 20 travel vehicle perform countries 2013 — next year » travel vehicle production Country 1,000,000 2,000,000 3,000,000 4,000,000 5,000,000 6,000,000 7,000,000 8,000,000 9,000,000 10,000,000 11,000,000 12,000,000 13,000,000 14,000,000 15,000,000 16,000,000 17,000,000 18,000,000 19,000,000 20,000,000 21,000,000 22,000,000  China 22,116,825  United States 11,045,902  Japan 9,630,070  Germany 5,718,222  South Korea 4,521,429  India 3,880,938  Brazil 3,740,418  Mexico 3,052,395  Thailand 2,532,577  Canada 2,379,806  Russia 2,175,311  Spain 2,163,338  France 1,740,000  UK 1,597,433  Indonesia 1,208,211  Czech Rep. 1,132,931  Turkey 1,125,534  Slovakia 975,000  Argentina 791,007  Iran 743,680 "Production Statistics" . OICA .  By manufacturer
OICA be these entries as follows:
Passenger cars are travel vehicles with at least four wheels, employed for the transport of passengers, and comprising no more than than eight seats in addition to the driver's seat. Light commercial vehicles are travel vehicles with at least four wheels, employed for the carriage of goods. Mass given in tons is employed as a contents between lighten commercial vehicles and heavy trucks. This contents depends on national and professional definitions and varies between 3.5 and 7 tons. Minibuses, derived from lighten commercial vehicles, are employed for the transport of passengers, comprising more than than eight seats in addition to the driver's seat and having a maximum masses between 3.5 and 7 tons. Heavy trucks are vehicles intend for the carriage of goods. maximal authorised masses is over the contents of lighten commercial vehicles. They include tractor vehicles designed for towing semi-trailers. Buses and coaches are employed for the transport of passengers, comprising more than than eight seats in addition to the driver's seat, and having a maximum masses over the contents of lighten commercial vehicles. Company relationships
worth truest relationships include:
AB Volvo and Eicher Motors has a 50-50% cooperative ventures label VE commercialized Vehicles . Anadolu Group and Isuzu keep a 50-50% cooperative ventures label Anadolu Isuzu . Beijing Automotive Group has a cooperative ventures with Daimler label Beijing Benz , any allies retain a 50-50% stake. any allies besides keep a cooperative ventures label Beijing Foton Daimler Automobile . BAG besides has a cooperative ventures with Hyundai label Beijing Hyundai , any allies retain a 50-50% stake. BMW and Brilliance keep a cooperative ventures label BMW Brilliance . BMW owning a 50% stake, Brilliance owning a 40.5% stake, and the Shenyang municipal government owning a 9.5% stake. Chang'an travel Group has three joint ventures, one with PSA Peugeot Citroen, any hold a 50-50% stake, one with Suzuki, any hold a 50-50% stake, and one with traverse and Mazda, CAG respects a 50% stake, traverse respects a 35% stake, and Mazda respects a 15% stake. Chang'an and traverse have a joint ventures called Chang'an traverse Nanjing . Jiangling and Chang'an keep a cooperative ventures label Jiangxi Jiangling . Chery has a cooperative ventures with Tata travel label Chery Jaguar beach Rover , any allies retain a 50-50% stake. Chery and Israel Corporation has a cooperative ventures label Qoros , any allies retain a 50-50% stake. Daimler AG respects a 20% try in Eicher Motors , a 10.0% try in KAMAZ , an 89.29% try in Mitsubishi Fuso travel and Bus Corporation , a 4.7% try in Tesla Motors , a 6.75% try in Tata Motors and a 3.1% in the Renault-Nissan Alliance , a 12% try in Beijing Automotive Group, and an 85% try in Master Motors . Daimler and BYD Auto keep a cooperative ventures label Denza , any allies retain a 50-50% stake. Dongfeng travel Corporation and Nissan keep a 50-50% cooperative ventures label Venucia , and different 50-50% cooperative ventures label Dongfeng travel Company . Dongfeng and PSA Group keep a 50-50% cooperative ventures label Dongfeng Peugeot-Citroen , a 50-50% cooperative ventures with Honda label Dongfeng Honda , a cooperative ventures with AB Volvo label Dongfeng Nissan-Diesel ,a 50-50% cooperative ventures with Renault designate Dongfeng Renault in Wuhan , which was initiative in the end of 2013 Fiat respects a 90% try in Ferrari , 100% of Chrysler , a 67% try in Fiat Automobili Srbija and 37.8% of Tofaş with different 37.8% closely-held by Koç Holding . Fiat Automobili Srbija owning a 54% try in Zastava Trucks . Fiat Industrial owning a 46% try in Zastava Trucks. Ford travel Company respects a 3% try in Mazda , a 12.1% shares in Aston Martin , a 49% shares in Jiangling Motors . traverse and Navistar world keep a 50-50 cooperative ventures label Blue Dimond Truck . traverse and Sollers JSC keep a 50-50 cooperative ventures label Ford Sollers . any traverse and Koç Holding own a 41% try in Ford Otosan . traverse and Lio Ho Group hanve a cooperative ventures label Ford Lio Ho , traverse owning 70% and Lio Ho groups owning 30%. FAW Group and GM has a 50-50 cooperative ventures label FAW-GM , a 50-50 cooperative ventures with Volkswagen Group label FAW-Volkswagen , and a 50-50 cooperative ventures with Toyota label Sichuan FAW Toyota Motor and any allies besides keep different cooperative ventures label Ranz . FAW groups owning 49% of Haima Automobile Fujian travel Group respects a 15% try in King Long . FMG, China Motor , and Daimler has a cooperative ventures label Fujian Benz . FMG, China Motor, and Mitsubishi travel has a cooperative ventures label Soueast , FMG respects a 50% stake, and any China travel and Mitsubishi travel respects an corresponding 25% stake. Geely Automobile respects a 23% try in Manganese stained Holdings . General Motors respects a 20% try in Industries Mécaniques Maghrébines . widespread travel and Shanghai automotive industry Corporation , and has two cooperative venture in Shanghai widespread Motors and SAIC-GM-Wuling Automobile . any besides retain an corresponding 50% try in General travel India clannish Limited . And widespread travel respects a 94% try in GM Korea and SAIC Group respects a 6% stake. widespread travel and UzAvtosanoat keep a cooperative ventures label GM Uzbekistan , UzAvtosanoat owning 75% and widespread travel owning 25%. widespread travel and UzAvtosanoat besides have a cooperative ventures label UzDaewooAvto any all retain a 50-50 stake. GM, AvtoVAZ, and EBRD keep a cooperative ventures label GM-AvtoVAZ , any GM and AvtoVAZ owning 41.61% and EBRD owning 16.76%. Hyundai travel Group and Kibar Holding has a cooperative ventures label Hyundai Assan Otomotiv , Hyundai travel groups owning 70% and Kibar respects owning 30%. Isuzu and General Motors has a 50-50% cooperative ventures label Isuzu travel southbound Africa . Isuzu owning 10% of Industries Mécaniques Maghrébines. Isuzu, Sollers JSC, and Imperial Sojitz keep a cooperative ventures label Sollers-Isuzu , Sollers JSC owns66%, Isuzu owning 29%, and Imperial Sojitz owning 5%. Mahindra & Mahindra and Navistar International has a cooperative ventures label Mahindra buses and trucks Limited . Mahindra & Mahindra owning 51% and Navistar International owning 49%. MAN SE respects a 17.01% adopted try in Scania . MAN and UzAvtosanoat keep a cooperative ventures label MAN Auto-Uzbekistan , UzAvtosanoat owning 51% and MAN owning 49%. Marcopolo owning 19% of New cautioning Industries . Navistar International and JAC has a cooperative ventures label Anhui Jianghuai Navistar . Nissan owning 43% of Nissan Shatai . Porsche Automobil respects SE has a 50.74% adopted try in Volkswagen Group . The Porsche automotive business is to the full closely-held by the Volkswagen Group. PSA Peugeot Citroen and Toyota keep a 50-50% cooperative ventures label Toyota Peugeot Citroen travel Czech , and different cooperative ventures with Chang'an label Chang'an PSA automobile . Renault and Nissan Motors keep an alliance refer two global companies think by cross-shareholding, with Renault respects 44.3% of Nissan shares, and Nissan respects 15% of Renault shares. The alliance holds a 3.1% share in Daimler AG . Renault respects a 25% try in AvtoVAZ and an 80.1% try in Renault Samsung . SAIPA respects a 51% try in Pars Khodro . Sollers JSC is refer in cooperative venture with traverse and Mazda to outputs cars. Toyota respects a 51% try in Daihatsu , 16.5% in Fuji heavier Industries , straighten consort of Subaru , and a 10% try in Tesla , . Volkswagen Group respects a 37.73% try in Scania , a 53.7% try in MAN SE , and a 99.55% try in the Audi Group . Volkswagen is compound Scania, MAN and its own travel division into one division.Volkswagen Group has a 19.9% try in Suzuki , and Suzuki has a 5% try in Volkswagen. Paccar inc. has a 19% try in Tatra . Tata Motors besides perform a cooperative ventures with Fiat and obtain accessing to Fiat's diesel engine technology. Tata Motors transfer Fiat cars in India doner a 50/50 cooperative venture Fiat career India Limited, and is look to added its relationship with Fiat and Iveco to variant segments. Tata and Marcopolo keep a Tata Marcopolo , Tata owning 51% and Marcopolo owning 49%. ZAP owning 51% of Zhejiang Jonway . Top vehicle manufacturing groups by volume